The role of social, economic, and political networks in settlement migration to Poland: The case of Ukrainian migrants

The economic and political transition in Central and Eastern Europe at the beginning of the 1980s gave rise to relatively new migratory trends in the region. In particular, it resulted in higher migration to Poland - a traditionally migrant-exporting country. Migrants from the former USSR and in particular from Ukraine constitute the main group of migrants coming to Poland in the 1990s. The dominant pattern of their mobility is short-term movements involving income-generating activities - trans-border trade and seasonal work in Poland. Nevertheless, in the course of this migration process, other types of movements and also settlement migration to Poland have been of growing importance. The subject of this thesis is Ukrainian migration to Poland which involves migratory patterns typical for foreigners coming from the former USSR. In this thesis, Ukrainian migration is considered as a case study the analysis of which allows for an explanation of the main mechanisms of dominant migratory trends to Poland. In particular, this thesis examines the development of Ukrainian settlement migration to Poland in relation to the overall migratory movements between the two countries. The analysis included in this dissertation demonstrates that temporary movements and settlement migration from Ukraine to Poland are interrelated and that migrant networks play an important role in relating various types of movements. The prime characteristics of temporary movements to Poland are reflected in the population of settlement migrants resident there. At the same time, the examination of actual and potential settlement trajectories of temporary Ukrainian migrants implies that among them there exists a potential for settlement in Poland. It should be noted, however, that settlement of illegal migrants - the main group of Ukrainians coming to Poland - involves a considerable change in their initial goals of migration. In general, according to the analysis derived in this thesis, there are grounds for continued settlement migration from Ukraine to Poland in the future

Country report : Poland

First published in December 2009; Revised May 2010Research for this EUDO Citizenship Observatory Country Report has been jointly supported by the European Commission grant agreement JLS/2007/IP/CA/009 EUCITAC and by the British Academy Research Project CITMODES (both projects co-directed by the EUI and the University of Edinburgh).Revised version: 2013/2

Migration in the New Europe: East-West Revisited

Migration in the New Europe: East-West Revisited responds to demand for a study on migration and policy developments in the light of European Union enlargement. The innovative character of the book is its approach to the emerging European migration space. The editors argue that the concept of a common European migration space will replace the traditional division into East and West because of two simultaneous processes: The ongoing European Union enlargement and the creation of a common European Union immigration policy

Competition and moral behavior: A meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs

Does competition affect moral behavior? This fundamental question has been debated among leading scholars for centuries, and more recently, it has been tested in experimental studies yielding a body of rather inconclusive empirical evidence. A potential source of ambivalent empirical results on the same hypothesis is design heterogeneity?variation in true effect sizes across various reasonable experimental research protocols. To provide further evidence on whether competition affects moral behavior and to examine whether the generalizability of a single experimental study is jeopardized by design heterogeneity, we invited independent research teams to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. In a large-scale online data collection, 18,123 experimental participants were randomly allocated to 45 randomly selected experimental designs out of 95 submitted designs. We find a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior in a meta-analysis of the pooled data. The crowd-sourced design of our study allows for a clean identification and estimation of the variation in effect sizes above and beyond what could be expected due to sampling variance. We find substantial design heterogeneity?estimated to be about 1.6 times as large as the average standard error of effect size estimates of the 45 research designs?indicating that the informativeness and generalizability of results based on a single experimental design are limited. Drawing strong conclusions about the underlying hypotheses in the presence of substantive design heterogeneity requires moving toward much larger data collections on various experimental designs testing the same hypothesis

Competition and moral behavior: a meta-analysis of forty-five crowd-sourced experimental designs

Does competition affect moral behavior? This fundamental question has been debated among leading scholars for centuries, and more recently, it has been tested in experimental studies yielding a body of rather inconclusive empirical evidence. A potential source of ambivalent empirical results on the same hypothesis is design heterogeneity-variation in true effect sizes across various reasonable experimental research protocols. To provide further evidence on whether competition affects moral behavior and to examine whether the generalizability of a single experimental study is jeopardized by design heterogeneity, we invited independent research teams to contribute experimental designs to a crowd-sourced project. In a large-scale online data collection, 18,123 experimental participants were randomly allocated to 45 randomly selected experimental designs out of 95 submitted designs. We find a small adverse effect of competition on moral behavior in a meta-analysis of the pooled data. The crowd-sourced design of our study allows for a clean identification and estimation of the variation in effect sizes above and beyond what could be expected due to sampling variance. We find substantial design heterogeneity-estimated to be about 1.6 times as large as the average standard error of effect size estimates of the 45 research designs-indicating that the informativeness and generalizability of results based on a single experimental design are limited. Drawing strong conclusions about the underlying hypotheses in the presence of substantive design heterogeneity requires moving toward much larger data collections on various experimental designs testing the same hypothesis.For financial support, we thank the Austrian National Bank (grant 17788 to M. Kirchler), Austrian Science Fund (grants SFB F6307 to A.D.; SFB F6309 to J.H.; and SFB F6310 to M. Kirchler), Jan Wallander and Tom Hedelius Foundation (grant P21-0091 to A.D.), Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (grant KAW 2018.0134 to A.D.), Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation (grant KAW 2019.0434; to A.D.), Radboud University Nijmegen (grant 2701437 to U.W.), and Riksbankens Jubileumsfond (grant P21-0168 to M. Johannesson)